Title :
Revisiting the security of speaker verification systems against imposture using synthetic speech
Author :
De Leon, Phillip L. ; Apsingekar, Vijendra Raj ; Pucher, Michael ; Yamagishi, Junichi
Author_Institution :
Klipsch Sch. of Electr. & Comp. Eng., New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM, USA
Abstract :
In this paper, we investigate imposture using synthetic speech. Although this problem was first examined over a decade ago, dramatic improvements in both speaker verification (SV) and speech synthesis have renewed interest in this problem. We use a HMM-based speech synthesizer which creates synthetic speech for a targeted speaker through adaptation of a background model. We use two SV systems: standard GMM-UBM-based and a newer SVM-based. Our results show when the systems are tested with human speech, there are zero false acceptances and zero false rejections. However, when the systems are tested with synthesized speech, all claims for the targeted speaker are accepted while all other claims are rejected. We propose a two-step process for detection of synthesized speech in order to prevent this imposture. Overall, while SV systems have impressive accuracy, even with the proposed detector, high-quality synthetic speech will lead to an unacceptably high false acceptance rate.
Keywords :
Gaussian processes; hidden Markov models; security of data; speaker recognition; speech synthesis; support vector machines; GMM-UBM; Gaussian mixture model; HMM; SVM; hidden Markov model; security; speaker verification system; speech synthesis; support vector machine; synthetic speech; universal background model; zero false acceptance; zero false rejection; Covariance matrix; Hidden Markov models; Kernel; Security; Signal synthesis; Speech synthesis; Support vector machine classification; Support vector machines; Synthesizers; System testing; Security; Speaker recognition; Speech synthesis;
Conference_Titel :
Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 2010 IEEE International Conference on
Conference_Location :
Dallas, TX
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4244-4295-9
Electronic_ISBN :
1520-6149
DOI :
10.1109/ICASSP.2010.5495413