Identification of transmission loss in trading of power using tracing of power

Electricity tracing can assess the particular impact of a generator or demand on the power system. For each generator, the technique can determine the demands they supply, and likewise, for each demand, the technique can determine the generators who provide physical supply. In addition, the proportion of the total electricity flow in each individual transmission asset can be attributed to either the generators or demands that use the asset. But it is difficult to do so due to the non linear nature of power flow. The Tracing method allows assessment of how much of the power output of a particular generator goes to a particular load. It also allows the assessment of the contribution of individual generators to individual line flows. This paper presents a study of transmission loss allocation using Tracing algorithms. The method can be useful in providing greater insight into power system operation and can be used to modify present tariffs of charging for transmission loss, reactive power and transmission services. Tracing algorithms have been applied and results are presented illustrating flow patterns from generators to demand and patterns of transmission asset usage for a standard 4 bus and IEEE 14 bus system.