Title :
Optimization of self-mixing modulation in VCSELs for sensing applications
Author :
Larsson, David ; Yvind, Kresten ; Hvam, Jørn M.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Photonics Eng., Tech. Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
Abstract :
This paper numerically investigates, SMI in an oxide aperture VCSEL to optimize the epitaxial structure for higher performance. The standard investigated structure is emitting light at 970 nm from In0.17Ga0.83As-GaAsP QWs sandwiched between 36 pairs of bottom mirror and 23 pairs of top mirror (AlxGa1-xAs). The calculations are based on matrix multiplication for calculating effective reflectivity and transmission with external feedback, combined with a logarithmic gain model and standard laser rate equations. To improve the sensitivity towards self-mixing interference in VCSELs by simple epitaxial means and this should enable us to e.g. measure smaller bending deflections of cantilever sensors
Keywords :
III-V semiconductors; gallium arsenide; gallium compounds; indium compounds; laser cavity resonators; laser feedback; laser mirrors; measurement by laser beam; optical modulation; optical sensors; semiconductor epitaxial layers; surface emitting lasers; In0.17Ga0.83As-GaAsP; bending deflection measurement; epitaxial structure optimization; external feedback transmission; logarithmic gain model; mirror; oxide aperture VCSEL; reflectivity; sandwiched QW; self-mixing modulation; sensing applications; standard laser rate equations; wavelength 970 nm; Interference; Laser feedback; Mirrors; Optical feedback; Optical interferometry; Optical modulation; Power lasers; Reflectivity; Surface emitting lasers; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers;
Conference_Titel :
Lasers and Electro-Optics 2009 and the European Quantum Electronics Conference. CLEO Europe - EQEC 2009. European Conference on
Conference_Location :
Munich
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4244-4079-5
Electronic_ISBN :
978-1-4244-4080-1
DOI :
10.1109/CLEOE-EQEC.2009.5192873
