Distribution state estimation considering nonlinear characteristics of practical equipment using hybrid particle swarm optimization

This paper proposes a distribution state estimation method using a hybrid particle swarm optimization (HPSO). The proposed method considers practical measurements in distribution systems and assumes that absolute values of voltage and current can be measured at the secondary side buses of substations (S/Ss) and RTUs (remote terminal units) in distribution systems. The method can estimate load and distributed generation output values at each node considering nonlinear characteristics of the practical equipment in distribution systems. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated and compared with the original PSO on practical distribution system models. The results indicate the applicability of the proposed state estimation method to the practical distribution systems