Arithmetic structures for AES cryptographic systems

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a symmetric key block cipher cryptosystem adopted by the NIST as the world standard for data encryption/decryption. Multi-valued logic (MVL), as opposed to two-valued logic (TVL), is a propositional calculus in which there are more than two truth values. Multiple-valued logic offers opportunities for overcoming a number of difficulties facing TVL such as chip area, power consumption, and delay. A number of researchers have conducted intensive research work in attempts to improve and enhance the performance of cryptographic systems in terms of speed, area, and power consumption. In this paper, we present a number of arithmetic operations required by the AES cryptosystem using both TVL and MVL. We also cover the Galois field arithmetic operations performed in cryptographic systems.