Novel Fiber Bragg Grating sensor applicable for fault detection in high voltage transformers

In this paper, a fiber optic based sensor capable of fault detection in the high voltage transformers is investigated. Bragg wavelength shift is used to detect fault in power systems. Magnetic fields generated by fault currents in the transformer cause a strain in magnetostrictive material which is then detected by Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG). Fiber Bragg interrogator senses the reflected FBG signals, and the Bragg wavelength shift is calculated and signals are processed. It is shown that the faults in both primary and secondary of transformers cause a detectable wavelength shift in the Fiber Bragg Grating.