Modeling and analysis of monostatic/bistatic space-time adaptive processing for airborne and space-based radar

This paper describes a very general and practical model of space-time-adaptive processing. It applies to any moving radar system, monostatic or bistatic, airborne or space-based in which the ground/sea clutter is spread in Doppler. In addition, it explicitly handles detection in mainlobe or sidelobe clutter including hybrid cases of transmit mainlobe and receive sidelobe or vice versa. The model includes all range-Doppler ambiguities, internal motion of clutter, and Earth-rotation effects. It is based upon the techniques of post-Doppler STAP. It uses numerical methods to locate all points on the Earth which correspond to the same range and Doppler (plus ambiguities) as the target. It makes use of closed-form expressions for their contribution to each element of the space-time covariance matrix. The adaptive weights are computed for each range-Doppler filter, and many performance measures, including detection probability are determined