Fault handling techniques used by the ESB on 10 kV networks in rural Ireland

The rural ESB 10 kV overhead network is operated with its neutral isolated from ground and consists of more than 18000 km of three phase, three wire backbone lines which feed a network of more than 54000 km of two phase, two wire lines. The author examines fault handling techniques used on 10 kV networks under three headings, earth faults, transient short circuits, and nontransient short circuits. The operation of the ESB´s isolated neutral 10 kV system is commented on briefly for completeness