Topology of laminated active integrated antenna arrays

Two types of laminated active integrated antennas were demonstrated in this paper. One is the 3-element linear active integrated antenna array with an FET oscillator and a planar slot antenna laminated by a dielectric slab for reduction of antenna size. In the second type, incorporating the oscillator feedback loop with a directional coupler, the two-element laminated active integrated antenna array operated by trimming an injection signal for beam steering. These active integrated antennas were designed to satisfy with the requirement of increase of receiving power as well as beam operation