Thermal-aware floorplanning using genetic algorithms

In this work, we present a genetic algorithm based thermal-aware floorplanning framework that aims at reducing hot spots and distributing temperature evenly across a chip while optimizing the traditional design metric, chip area. The floorplanning problem is formulated as a genetic algorithm problem, and a tool called HotSpot is used to calculate floorplanning temperature based on the power dissipation, the physical dimension, and the location of modules. Area and/or temperature optimizations guide the genetic algorithm to generate the final fittest solution. The experimental results using MCNC benchmarks and a face detection chip show that our combined area and thermal optimization technique decreases the peak temperature sufficiently while providing floorplans that are as compact as the traditional area-oriented techniques.