Dynamically Accessing Packet Header Fields at High-Speed

A significant part of packet processing consists of detecting whether certain standard protocol headers are present, where they are located and whether they include optional information. Packet processing programs are on tight time budgets, especially to handle speeds in the gigabits per second (gbps) range. Thus, high-speed mechanisms for finding and accessing headers are critical. Our approach lets users define headers as C-style structures in a high-level language, packetC [1], and specify header locations in terms of offsets from the start of the current packet, which is treated as an array of unsigned bytes. These offsets can be expressed in terms of network layer offsets, constant values, runtime-calculated variables and combinations of all of these. This paper focuses on the principal forms these offset expressions can take and on how our FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), compiler and interpreter collectively handle them at runtime. For simple and complex header offset scenarios we provide users with intuitive, high-level ways to describe offsets and provide effective runtime mechanisms to access header fields.