Mutual synchronization in digital networks

The authors present the different mutual synchronization techniques and the relevant frequency departures. A mathematical model that considers the physical parameters of the transmission channels is presented, and an adaptive mechanism to improve the performance in various networks configurations is proposed. The mutual synchronization technique has been shown to have many advantages over conventional synchronization techniques, combining them into a single system. The flexible adaptive mechanism allows changes to the timing structure of nodes and supports network self-organization. This is very attractive for nonstructured private networks, where survivability and self-organization are important