Interferometric technique for microwave measurement of high impedances

An interferometric technique for accurate and broadband measurement of microwave impedances is proposed. The method is based on the association of a vector network analyzer and a precise interferometer built up with a power divider, a phase-shifter and an attenuator. Advantages such as simplicity of operation, broadband operation and high accuracy are achieved. The technique can be applied in a wide range of applications. In particular, an experimental demonstration of a near-field microwave microscope operating in liquid media is proposed.