Direction of arrival estimation utilizing incident angle dependent spectra

Inspired by monaural (one ear) sound localization ability of human auditory system, a novel direction of arrival (DoA) technique for pulse based broadband microwave signals is proposed. A microstrip leaky wave antenna as the receiving component is designed and then fabricated with good matching and reasonable radiation efficiency in the interested frequency range. By exploiting the incident angle dependent frequency response of the receiving antenna, the DoA of a broadband microwave signal can be estimated with high accuracy. Good DoA performance within 90° range of the proposed technique is demonstrated in both simulation and experiment.