A compact wideband microstrip antenna operating in the K-band using a Sierpinski gasket fractal shaped patch

This paper proposes using a fractal (Sierpinski gasket) patch to enhance the impedance bandwidth of microstrip antenna. A finite difference time domain (FDTD) method full wave simulator Fidelity™ is used to simulate, the proposed antenna. Simulation results of a Sierpinski patch microstrip antenna and their comparison with simulation results of a corresponding conventional triangular patch antenna show that using a Sierpinski shaped patch greatly increases the impedance bandwidth of the microstrip antenna (reaching nearly 40%). Using an inhomogeneous substrate along with the Sierpinski patch as well as the effect of the feed line location on both the antenna bandwidth and gain are considered.