Codirectional coupler and power divider mixed microstrip and metamaterials with lumped-elements L-C

A coupled-line backward coupler and a power divider, composed of the conventional microstrip line and the composite left-handed line with lumped-elements L-C, are presented. The coupler exhibits arbitrary coupling level and broad bandwidth. The power divider shows multi-ports, different coupling level output. The theoretical circuit-model simulated results are demonstrated by experiments. Both a 3-dB coupler and a trisecting power divider are demonstrated experimentally.