A rigorous divide-and-conquer algorithm for fast DC-mode extraction

The DC mode is a fundamental mode that comprises the solution of Maxwell´s equations in a physical problem. We present a rigorous divide-and-conquer algorithm to extract the DC mode efficiently from an arbitrary 3-D problem where both dielectrics and conductors can be arbitrarily shaped, inhomogeneous, lossy, and dispersive. Numerical experiments have demonstrated the validity of the proposed algorithm.