DocumentCode
2891962
Title
Charge Balancing in Functional Electrical Stimulators: A Comparative Study
Author
Ortmanns, Maurits
Author_Institution
Dept. of Microsystems Eng., Freiburg Univ.
fYear
2007
fDate
27-30 May 2007
Firstpage
573
Lastpage
576
Abstract
Charge balancing is a major concern in functional electrical stimulation, since any excess charge accumulation over time leads to electrolysis with electrode dissolution, gazing and tissue destruction. This paper presents an overview on recent advances in this field: passive as well as active charge balancing techniques will be presented concerning their advantages and drawbacks. For closed loop active charge balancers a stability analysis is presented
Keywords
biomedical electrodes; neuromuscular stimulation; charge balancing; electrode dissolution; functional electrical stimulation; stability analysis; tissue destruction; Capacitors; Charge transfer; Electrochemical processes; Electrodes; Impedance; Implants; Resistors; Retina; Stability analysis; Voltage;
fLanguage
English
Publisher
ieee
Conference_Titel
Circuits and Systems, 2007. ISCAS 2007. IEEE International Symposium on
Conference_Location
New Orleans, LA
Print_ISBN
1-4244-0920-9
Electronic_ISBN
1-4244-0921-7
Type
conf
DOI
10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378802
Filename
4252699
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