New directions in marine management, education and training, an overview

In recent years vessels have gotten larger and more dependent on high technology for safety and operations. This paper examines changes in some of the traditional classroom and apprenticeship methods of preparing officers for command. Among these are - a trend toward greater reliance upon academic training to supplant sea time, - changes in international regulations regarding seatime and equivalent classroom work, - the development, use and economics of simulators and scale models of VLCCs, - courses in shiphandling for experienced mariners using electronically derived information and simple formulae from wave theory, and -innovations in maritime authority and management structures.