Title :
Sea Surface Loss in Surface Ducts and Shallow Water: A Historical Perspective
Author :
Schulkin, Morris
Author_Institution :
University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Abstract :
A heuristic treatment is given of the Schulkin-Marsh surface loss expression for acoustic propagation in surface ducts. Its application to the Marsh-Schulkin shallow water propagation model is also discussed. Possible explanations of the surface loss are given in terms of scattering by surface roughness and absorption by bubble layers.
Keywords :
Attenuation; Ducts; Frequency; Ocean temperature; Rough surfaces; Scattering; Sea surface; Surface roughness; Temperature dependence; Wind speed;
Conference_Titel :
OCEANS '86
Conference_Location :
Washington, DC, USA
DOI :
10.1109/OCEANS.1986.1160507
