Title :
Defeating Network Jitter for Virtual Machines
Author :
Cheng, Luwei ; Wang, Cho-Li ; Di, Sheng
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Comput. Sci., Univ. of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
Abstract :
Virtualization based cloud computing hosts networked applications in virtual machines (VMs), and provides each VM the desired degree of performance isolation using resource isolation mechanisms. Existing isolation solutions address heavily on resource proportionality such as CPU, memory and I/O bandwidth, but seldom focus on resource provisioning rate. Even the VM is allocated with adequate resources, if they can not be provided in a timely manner, problems such as network jitter will be very serious and significantly affect the performance of cloud applications like internet audio/video streaming. This paper systematically analyzes and illustrates the causes of unpredictable network latency in virtualized execution environments. We decouple the design goals of resource proportionality from resource provisioning rate, and adopt divide-and-conquer strategy to defeat network jitter for VMs: (1) in VMM CPU scheduling, we differentiate self-initiated I/O from event-triggered I/O, and individually map them to periodic and a periodic real-time domains to schedule them together, (2) in network traffic shaping of VMs, we introduce the concept of smooth window to smooth network latency and apply closed-loop feedback control to maintain network resource consumption. We implement our solutions in Xen 4.1.0 and Linux 2.6.32.13. The experimental results with both real-life applications and low-level benchmarks show that our solutions can significantly reduce network jitter, and meanwhile effectively maintain resource proportionality.
Keywords :
Linux; closed loop systems; cloud computing; divide and conquer methods; feedback; jitter; resource allocation; scheduling; virtual machines; virtualisation; Linux 2.6.32.13; Xen 4.1.0; closed-loop feedback control; cloud computing; divide-and-conquer strategy; event-triggered I/O; network jitter; network traffic shaping; resource isolation mechanism; resource proportionality; resource provisioning rate; self-initiated I/O; smooth network latency; smooth window; virtual machine; virtual machine monitor CPU scheduling; virtualization; virtualized execution environments; Bandwidth; Delay; Jitter; Media; Real time systems; Schedules; Scheduling; Cloud Computing; Network Jittter; Virtualization; Xen;
Conference_Titel :
Utility and Cloud Computing (UCC), 2011 Fourth IEEE International Conference on
Conference_Location :
Victoria, NSW
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4577-2116-8
DOI :
10.1109/UCC.2011.19