Ultra-wideband omnidirectional low-profile miniaturized 3-dimensional (3-D) traveling-wave (TW) antenna

This paper reports findings of a new ultra-wideband low profile miniaturized 3-D (three-dimension) Traveling Wave (TW) omnidirectional antenna. Evolved from an ultra wideband low-profile 2-D TW antenna, the 3-D TW antenna´s size, and thus its weight and cost, were reduced by a factor of up to 6, that is, to only 1/6 that of the 2-D TW antenna. For such a large payoff, the 3-D TW technique only raised the antenna height by 30% from the low-profile 2-D model. Since the 2-D design is a low-profile antenna, the height increase only minimally degraded its desirable low profile feature.