Structural way of thinking as applied to systems design

Structures residing in system developments are discussed. In systems design, tradeoffs between cost and performance, cost and functions are important issues. It is shown that the hardware design is well controllable, while the design of software is not. However, it is pointed out that software and hardware have essentially the same aspect, and thus the problem will be overcome with the maturation of the technology. The structures of software and communication systems design are explained. By introducing the hierarchy of object at the top level of the design, a uniform structure of the design from systems to software and hardware is introduced. The hierarchy of object is the highest design paradigm, and through these systematic procedures, system external requirements and system design are derived