K11. A New Numerical Mapping Technique for Recognition of Exons and Introns in DNA Sequences

Recognition of exons and introns in a Eukaryotic cell is an important problem in genomic field to identify parts of DNA sequences that carry protein information. The major tool to solve this problem is to map the DNA sequence into numerical values. Consequently the biological properties are reflected in a numerical domain that can be handled through digital signal processing techniques. This paper introduces a new approach for DNA symbolic to numeric representation based on graphical representation of DNA sequence, where each nucleotide is mapped by a complex numerical value depending not only on nucleotide type but also on its position in codons. The proposed approach showed significant improvement in exons and introns recognition as compared with the existing techniques. The efficiency of this method in recognition depends on the right choice of the mapping angle (8) and arrangement as indicated by the power spectral analysis results over the sequences of the human genome (GRch37/hgI9).