What is wrong with teaching to the test: Uncertainty techniques help in understanding (and hopefully resolving) the controversy

In the USA, in the last decade, standards have been adapted for each grade level. These standards are annually checked by state-wide tests. The results of these tests often determine the school´s funding and even the school´s future existence. Due to this importance, a large amount of time is spent on teaching to the tests. Most teachers believe that this testing approach is detrimental to student education. This belief seems to be empirically supported by the fact that so far, the testing approach has not led to spectacular improvements promised by its proponents. While this empirical evidence is reasonably convincing, the teacher community has not yet fully succeeded in clearly explaining their position to the general public - because the opposing argument (of the need for accountability) also seems to be reasonably convincing. In this paper, we show that the situation becomes much clearer if we take uncertainty into account - and that, hopefully, a proper use of uncertainty can help in resolving this situation.