Back to the future Renewable Energy Sources and green Smart Grid

There are advantages and disadvantages of the green power generation technologies using Renewable Energy Sources (RES) such as solar, wind energy, fuel cells, and biomass power generation, which can be used for generating distributed power. RESs cannot directly replace the existing electric energy grid technologies. The latter are far too well established to abandon, while the new RES technologies are not sufficiently developed to meet the total energy demand. Therefore, it is sensible to gradually infuse RES into existing grids and transform the system over time. In this paper, there is a full exploitation of RES components which are critical to managing carbon emission and the limitations of the current grid to the new RES technologies, which face barriers to full-scale deployment as a conclusion.