On the nonlinear imaging of two-dimensional ocean surface wave fields by interferometric SAR

The nonlinear INSAR imaging mechanism of ocean waves is studied by applying an INSAR velocity bunching model and by using Monte-Carlo simulation techniques. Furthermore, a simplified INSAR phase imaging model is presented, which includes velocity bunching. A nonlinear integral ocean wave-INSAR phase spectral transform is derived. It is shown that the modulation by velocity bunching also enters into the INSAR imaging mechanism of ocean waves and gives rise to nonlinearity effects in the INSAR imaging mechanism. In some cases the INSAR phase image spectrum is split into two parts due to the interference between the velocity bunching term and the velocity term