Source location with arrays subject to travelling wave perturbations

Random sensor motion is one source of error in source location using a passive array. This paper attempts to determine whether correlations in the sensor motion can be exploited to remove such errors. A travelling wave perturbation is considered, because it is representative of a class of practical problems where the motion of nearby sensors is highly correlated. Cramer-Rao bounds on source location parameters are derived in the cases of arrays of two sensors and sensors. It is shown that the incremental errors due to sensor motion are more strongly dependent on the observation time and the signal to noise ratio than in the independent sensor motion case. Heuristic insights are provided into the results with discussions of processing schemes that approach the Cramer-Rao bounds.