Demonstration and Observation of a Frequency Standard Based on an Expanding Cold Atoms Cloud of Cesium

This work reports the first results obtained in a laboratory system implemented to be a primary standard based on an expanding cloud of cold 133Cs. An atomic sample is prepared through the magneto-optical trapping technique, and after the loading procedure the atomic cloud is left to freely expand. A microwave interrogation signal is applied to the atoms, probing them in the ground state transition 6S_1/2(F = 3)- 6S_1/2(F = 4). The microwave interrogation was applied either in one or two pulses methods. The system could be also locked in a commercial standard to perform its stability evaluation. The first results showed a stability of 9times10 ^-11 tau^-frac12, promising for such use of simple type of frequency standard