Microwave scattering by plants generated by a stochastic Lindenmayer system

Recent studies indicate that at high frequencies, the branches and leaves in vegetation scatter independently. However, at low frequencies, they scatter collectively so that the structure of the trees and plants needs to be taken into account. Also, the near-field interaction among branches and leaves at low frequencies can give strong polarization signatures and cross polarization. Such collective scattering effects can contribute to a variety of frequency and polarimetric dependence. To take into account the tree and plant structures, the authors have used a stochastic Lindenmayer system to generate plant and tree structures with realistic appearances. They then solve Maxwell´s equations for vegetation grown in this manner