CO2 emission performance assessment of a residential PV/FC/battery power system

This paper presents an evaluation of the CO₂ emission performance of a residential combined photovoltaic(PV), fuel cell(FC) and battery power system, whose commercialization in the near future shows promise considering that photovoltaic and fuel cell dual power generation systems are gaining popularity and residential battery power storage systems are being commercialized. A mathematical model of the power system is formulated as a mixed integer programming problem to make the optimal operation schedule for the system. The mathematical model includes electricity balance, heat balance and characteristics of system components. Annual CO₂ emissions of 14 houses with the PV/FC/Battery power system were calculated assuming optimal system operations were conducted. The real-life electricity and heat demand data of 14 houses were used for these calculations. The calculations were carried out in “No battery”, “With battery” and “With battery and No backward flow” scenarios and the results compared. This research clarifies the CO₂ emission performance of a PV/FC/Battery system as well as the reason behind the CO₂ reduction and the change of CO₂ emission performance when power backward flow is controlled.