Detection and Reaction to Unplanned Operational Events in Large Scale Distributed Real-Time Embedded Systems

In recent years, we have seen an increase in the use of embedded systems in large distributed systems, often designed and optimized for critical real-time controls. These systems of systems often include multiple end-to-end application streams and share heterogeneous, constrained resources. Unlike most non-distributed, static, closed embedded systems, these systems operate in highly dynamic environments and need to be able to react in real-time to changes in missions, conditions and operating environments. Today more and more of these mission-critical distributed real-time embedded (DRE) systems are becoming Quality of Service (QoS) enabled, thus providing predictable, adaptable, and managed behaviors. Due to the dynamic and distributed nature of DRE systems, unplanned events can occur that could significantly impact the behavior and performance of these systems. Examples of unplanned events are significantly less than expected available resources, system failures, unexpected service demands, and events completely outside the system scope which have unanticipated side effects on its operation.