Study of Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

Recent advances in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) now witness the increased interest in the potential use in applications like disaster management, combat field reconnaissance, border protection and security surveillance. Sensors are expected to be remotely deployed in large numbers and operate autonomously in unattended environments. Many routing protocols have been specifically designed for WSNs where energy awareness is an essential design issue. This paper presents a survey of the state-of-the-art routing techniques in WSNs. We survey different routing algorithms for WSNs from the recent work; highlighting their objectives, features, complexity, etc. with a classification for the various approaches. Each routing protocol is described and discussed under the appropriate category.