Design of tunable frequency bandwidth enhanced circular patch antenna by varying air gap

One of the important characteristics is the bandwidth of microstrip patch antenna. It can be significantly improved by using a variety of techniques. Multilayer based technique can improve the bandwidth of the patch antenna for various applications. In this paper, bandwidth enhanced frequency reconfigurable circular microstrip patch antenna (CPA) with variable air gap is presented. Microstrip patch antenna for different air gap length is studied and for each air gap frequency and bandwidth of the antenna is measured. The results are compared with the theories and experimental values available in open literature. The model in this paper shows close agreement with the frequency tuning while bandwidth is enhanced comparatively.