SAP2P: Self-adaptive and Locality-aware P2P Membership Protocol for Heterogeneous Systems

Membership protocols are the basic utilities for P2P multicast applications. Existing membership protocols always assume a homogeneous environment or bring non-negligible overhead to optimize the overlay topology. In this paper, we propose SAP2P, a self-adaptive and locality-aware P2P membership protocol for heterogeneous systems. SAP2P periodically optimizes the overlay in terms of node degree and link latency. In SAP2P, the degrees of member nodes are proportional to their capacities and neighbors are always physically close. To reduce the control overhead, SAP2P uses landmark based scheme to evaluate link latencies and takes advantage of a Markov chain based method to adoptively vary the optimization periods. Simulation study shows that SAP2P can achieve good qualities in terms of load balancing and locality awareness with relatively smaller overhead, while it still responds quickly to node churn. Specially, compared with randomized membership protocols, SAP2P achieves up to 53.7% latency reduction.