Surge protection of low voltage power systems for cellular telecommunications sites

A typical cellular communications base station is simulated using the alternative transients program (ATP). Such sites are often located in remote regions and on exposed hillsides. The aim of this paper is to determine the effects of direct lightning strikes to the incoming power line and to the radio tower, as well as nearby strikes, on surge overvoltages and currents at the equipment to be protected. The effect of position of different SPDs is also investigated. The results of the simulations are used to determine suggested selection criteria for low voltage mains surge protective devices for use in such an application. Several international standards are also consulted.