Polarization effects on a single polarized off-the-grid X-band radar

The electromagnetic signal propagation with vertical or horizontal polarization from a meteorological radar and the interaction with precipitation particles were studied by [1]. As a result of the studies, the researchers identified how a vertical polarized signal interaction with a precipitation particle differs from that of a horizontal polarized signal. This was also examined by [2]. In their work it was found that the attenuation experienced, horizontal polarization tended to be slightly larger than that undergone by vertical polarization [2], where the main cause of this phenomenon was identified as the raindrops distortion when falling. For heavy rain events, raindrops distortion is more noticeable than in light rain, since the raindrop diameter is extremely small and the shape is spherical, while, for heavy rain the diameter increases and the shape becomes oblate.