The role of electroconvective phenomena in heat exchange stepping up

A general approach to solving the electroconvective heat exchange problem for homogeneous and heterogeneous vapor-liquid media is analyzed. The authors substitute mechanisms of charge formation associated with medium ionization and ion neutralization at the electrodes, availability of a double electric layer at the electrode-medium interfaces, or charge injection from one of the electrodes. Particular attention is given to the electrification and instability of heterogeneous vapor-liquid systems determined by the induction of charge at the interface in the external field due to various electrophysical parameters and related forces of the electrostatic pressure. Experimental data in this area are summarized