Geostatistical Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Variations of Groundwater Depth in Shule River

In this paper, spatial and temporal analysis of groundwater depth fluctuations monthly of monitored data of 51 monitoring wells during 6 years was carried out in semi-arid and arid area. Geostatistics has been applied to study the spatial and temporal structure of groundwater depth fluctuation. Results showed that groundwater level drop and groundwater level fluctuations have spatial and temporal structure according to nugget effects. Ordinary and universal kriging methods with cross-validation were used to evaluate the accuracy of the chosen variograms in estimation of the groundwater depth drop and fluctuations were underestimated by about 10%. whether or not estimation of groundwater depth drop and groundwater depth fluctuations could be performed with low uncertainty in both space and time scales according to spatial and temporal structure. Moreover, the results showed that kriging is a beneficial and capable tool for estimating the trend of groundwater depth fluctuations.