Struggling to Excel: A Field Study of Challenges Faced by Spreadsheet Users

Spreadsheets have become one of the most widely-adopted software technologies. They have proven useful for performing numeric computations as well as for organizing, manipulating, exploring, and visualizing data. Yet only one aspect of spreadsheets, formulas, has received extensive attention in field studies to date. In this paper, we describe a three-part field study that widens this focus to uncover a broader range of challenges that people encounter when creating and using spreadsheets. This study has revealed several opportunities to improve spreadsheet editors, including developing different modes for spreadsheet creation, improving support for spreadsheet reuse, and helping users to find and use features.