Open systems protocol testing techniques

The author discusses the steps involved in testing data communications systems, with emphasis on OSI protocols and the various testing methods defined by standards. Particular attention is given to three stages of protocol testing: conformance testing, interoperability testing, and real effects testing. Emphasis is placed on conformance testing, since the focus of standards activity in testing is on this stage. The author also highlights specific areas which have product impact, some of which are not immediately obvious