The algorithm and simulation of Crow´s nest antenna

This paper presents a simulation of the principle of antenna type Crow´s nest. The crow´ nest antenna is a phased array antenna with radiating elements distributed randomly in a sphere. The random distribution of elements contributes to avoid grating lobes and the spherical shape allows full elevation and azimuth coverage of pencil-beam steering. Phase of each element depends on steering direction and is calculated by the computer. The mathematical algorithm employed to calculate phase of each element is explained. The algorithm is used not only in Crow´s nest antenna but it is also applied for other types of array phase antenna such as linear, planar, circular etc. A simulating model based on the algorithm is implemented in MATLAB. Results of simulation show characteristics of the Crow´s nest antenna in different geometrical construction of the antenna.