Design and characterization of a low-viscous muscle tissue mimicking media at the ISM-band (2.4–2.48 GHz) for easy antenna displacement in in vitro measurements

Phantoms mimicking electromagnetic properties of biological tissues are widely used in evaluation of electromagnetic field distribution in human body. In this paper, low-viscous, optically transparent liquids that mimic muscle tissue, are designed and characterized. Various mixing ratios of de-ionized water and diethylene glycol butyl ether are examined in range of widely used biomedical frequencies. A recipe for 2.45 GHz is given, which provides less than 5.6% deviation from the reference. With help of curve fitting of the discrete measurement points, recipes for other parts of the body can be produced. For example, a recipe for the grey matter of the human brain is suggested, resulting in less than 4.7% deviation. An improved recipe for muscle tissue, where Triton X-100 is added, improves the target recipe to less than 1% deviation from the reference.