Mathematical modeling and simulation of lead acid battery

In this paper, a new systematic methodology for extracting a mathematical model of a lead acid battery is developed. The developed model is based on studying the battery electrical behaviors. Also, it includes battery dynamics such as the state of charge, the change in the battery capacity, the effect of the temperature and the change in the load current representing the battery dynamics. The developed methodology depends on online learning. The algorithm used for learning is the recursive least square (RLS). The use of learning fine-tunes the parameters of a mathematical model to emulate a real battery dynamics. Also, it enables the estimated model to cover wide band of ambiguity and nonlinearity included in the battery dynamics.