A location-based clustering algorithm for data gathering in 3D underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks, whether terrestrial or underwater, usually contain hundreds or in some cases thousands of micro-sensor nodes, that are randomly and densely deployed. In this paper we propose a clustering algorithm based on the geographical location of the sensor nodes for a 3-D hierarchical network architecture called LCAD. An energy model has been proposed and used to analyze the performance of the algorithm.