Multiple layers of intelligence for complete distribution grid response and control

Every electric utility has some unique combination of power equipment, software systems, and communications systems to operate their distribution networks. No two systems are alike, yet they all share the same end goal of providing electric service to all customers in a reliable, efficient, and safe manner. There is no single technology that can span the scope of operating a distribution system. Today, every electric utility already has some elements of central intelligence, such as a SCADA or DMS system, some regional-based control such as substation automation or self-healing on the distribution feeders, and a mix of local intelligence in standalone power equipment controls such as relays, recloser or pulsecloser controls, capacitor controls, and voltage regulator controls. There is plenty of other equipment that may or may not have electronic controls, but if it does not communicate with other devices or systems, then it is outside the scope of this paper. This paper proposes that a key to success in building a smart distribution system is to embrace the concept of integrating multiple layers of intelligence throughout the system that work together and complement each other, instead of having silos of response and control.