Efficient printed antenna array synthesis including coupling effects using evolutionary genetic algorithms

This paper presents a novel technique for pattern synthesis of printed antenna arrays, which takes into account the effect of coupling among the radiating elements of the array. To this end, macromodels of the coupling among neighboring elements are generated using full-wave simulation data. The array analysis is then based on such coupling macromodels combined with full-wave radiation models of the individual radiating elements. The array synthesis is performed using a newly developed efficient optimization scheme based on an accelerated hybrid evolutionary genetic algorithm (GA). Numerical results are presented to illustrate the advantages of the proposed technique over conventional pattern synthesis methods.