Interference avoidance in co-channel deployment of macro-femto network using a new approach of solving Markov chain

The function of a femtocell is to extend the cellular coverage to areas where the signal from base station cannot be received, thus improving the indoor wireless services. However, under the expected co-channel deployment of femto and macro-cells, a significant number of calls originating from femtocell users get dropped or blocked. This blocking rate problem must be controlled so that the femto users get quality of services. In this paper, the analytical system model is designed introducing a novel approach for solving Markov chain for increased number of femtocells. A channel selection algorithm along with power control is also being proposed in this paper to reduce the call dropping and blocking rates for femto users. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing the blocking and dropping rates.