DocumentCode :
3111296
Title :
Sequential Activation of Multiple Grounding Pads Reduces Skin Heating
Author :
Schutt, D.J. ; Haemmerich, D.
Author_Institution :
Div. of Pediatric Cardiology, Med. Univ. of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
fYear :
2006
fDate :
Aug. 30 2006-Sept. 3 2006
Firstpage :
675
Lastpage :
678
Abstract :
Radio frequency (RF) tumor ablation has become an accepted treatment modality for tumors not amenable to surgery. The need for larger ablation zones has required increase in RF generator power, with current generation devices delivering 200-250 W. Skin burns due to ground pad heating have become a common complication and are now a limiting factor for further increase in ablation zone and generator power. We performed ex vivo experiments with three ground pads (5times5 cm) placed on a tissue phantom. We applied 100 W of power for 12 min between the pads, and an RF electrode while we measured leading edge temperature below each pad, and temperature profile on the pads using temperature-sensitive LCD-paper. We compared conventional operation (i.e. simultaneous connection of all three pads) to sequential activation of the pads where each pad is only active for ~0.5 s. The timing during sequential activation was adjusted to keep leading edge temperature equal between the pads. Temperature rise below the leading edge for proximal, middle and distal ground pad was 10.7plusmn1.04, 1.0plusmn0.15 and 0.3plusmn0.07degC for conventional operation, and 4.8plusmn0.16, 4.4plusmn0.20 and 4.5plusmn0.35degC for sequentially activated operation. The maximum leading edge temperature rise was more than twice as high for conventional compared to switched operation (p<0.001). Sequential activation of multiple ground pads resulted in reduced maximum leading edge temperature, and allows control of each pad such that leading edge temperature of all pads is the same. This may reduce the incidence of ground pad burns by allowing each pad to reach same temperatures independent of location, and may allow higher power RF generators due to reduced skin heating
Keywords :
biomedical electrodes; biomedical measurement; biothermics; cancer; phantoms; radiofrequency heating; skin; surgery; temperature measurement; tumours; 100 W; 12 min; 200 to 250 W; RF electrode; RF generator; cancer; current generation devices; ground pad burns; ground pad heating; leading edge temperature; multiple grounding pads; radio frequency tumor ablation; sequential activation; skin burns; skin heating; temperature-sensitive LCD-paper; tissue phantom; treatment modality; Grounding; Heating; Imaging phantoms; Land surface temperature; Neoplasms; Power generation; Radio frequency; Skin; Surgery; Temperature measurement; RF ablation; cancer; radiofrequency ablation; tumor ablation;
fLanguage :
English
Publisher :
ieee
Conference_Titel :
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2006. EMBS '06. 28th Annual International Conference of the IEEE
Conference_Location :
New York, NY
ISSN :
1557-170X
Print_ISBN :
1-4244-0032-5
Electronic_ISBN :
1557-170X
Type :
conf
DOI :
10.1109/IEMBS.2006.260099
Filename :
4461841
Link To Document :
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