A 16×16-pixel pulse-frequency-modulation based image sensor for retinal prosthesis

Author

Furumiya, Tetsuo ; Ng, David C. ; Yasuoka, Koutaro ; Shiraishi, Fuyuka ; Kagawa, Keiichiro ; Tokuda, Takashi ; Ohta, Jun ; Nunoshita, Masahiro

Author_Institution

Graduate Sch. of Material Sci., Nara Inst. of Sci. & Technol., Ikoma, Japan

fYear

2004

fDate

24-27 Oct. 2004

Firstpage

276

Abstract

We have designed and fabricated a 16×16-pixel retinal prosthesis device using a pulse-frequency-modulation (PFM) photosensor. This chip is a prototype for demonstrating applications in in-vitro electrophysiological experiments. Each pixel has a bonding pad on which a stimulus electrode is formed by a Pt/Au stacked biocompatible bump electrode. We have evaluated the PFM retinal implant chip by in-vitro electrophysiological experiments using detached frog retina, and confirmed that it can electrically stimulate the retinal cells effectively.

Keywords

CMOS image sensors; biomedical electrodes; eye; prosthetics; pulse frequency modulation; 16 pixel; 256 pixel; CMOS image sensor; PFM photosensor; Pt-Au; detached frog retina; in-vitro electrophysiological devices; pixel bonding pad; pulse-frequency-modulation based image sensor; retinal cell electrical stimulation; retinal implant chip; retinal prosthesis; stacked biocompatible bump electrode; stimulus electrode; subretinal implant; CMOS image sensors; Circuits; Electrodes; Image sensors; Implants; In vitro; Pixel; Prosthetics; Retina; Switches;

fLanguage

English

Publisher

ieee

Conference_Titel

Sensors, 2004. Proceedings of IEEE

Print_ISBN

0-7803-8692-2

Type

conf

DOI

10.1109/ICSENS.2004.1426155

Filename

1426155